About Endometriosis

The exact cause of endometriosis is not clear, but there are a number of theories.

1. Genetic Theory
   This theory suggests that endometriosis occurs during foetal development. The endometrial cells of the uterus sit close to the cells that form the lining of the pelvis. The pelvic and endometrial cells mingle as the baby's pelvic organs develop. Hormones produced during puberty stimulate these cells, leading to endometriosis.
   
2. Backward Bleeding Theory
   Another theory is that of retrograde menstruation, or backward bleeding. Menstrual blood containing endometrial cells flows back through the fallopian tubes instead of down through the vagina. These cells implant in the pelvic cavity and cause endometriosis.

Other factors may include changes in our society. For example:

• Women have more periods now than they did even 100 years ago. Periods start at a younger age. Women have children when they are older, and they live longer.
• We eat differently. People today are bigger and consume more protein and oestrogen than previous generations.
• Genetics play a part. There is often a family history of endometriosis or gynaecological surgery (for bleeding or pain), although this may not have been recognised as endometriosis.